Pressure blower



April 14, 1953 T. L. M E N G E PRESSURE BLOWER 'T Sheets-Sheet l Filed June 23, 1945 INVENTOR. Theodore L Menge April 14, 1953 1'. L. MENGE' PRESSURE BLOWER "l Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 23, 1945 INVENTOR. Teodare //enge April 14, 1953 Filed June 25, 1945 '7 Sheets--SheerI 3 o 6 au. 53 3M 3 4 6 3 2 @$645 3 22 u 62 a0 9 d 2 y., A f n @53M ,o z 3 4 0 22, 96 M 5 IN1/EN TOR. mean/are Menge April 14, 1953 T. MENGE 2,634,903

PRESSURE BLOWER Filed June 25, 1945 v sheetssheet 4 l N VEN TOR. Theodore Menge PRESSURE BLOWER Filed June 25, 1945 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. T//coaare Menge April 1:4, 1953 T. L. MENGE 2,634,903

PRESSURE BLOWER Filed June 25, 1945 7 Sheets-Shea?l 6 faz , I N V EN TOR. Teadafe L Ille/7gg April 14,"1953 r.l. MENGE 2,634,903

PRESSURE; BLOWER Filed June 25, 1945 7 sheets-sheet fr 1 n mi f lllllllll l lll 1 l IN VEN TOR. Theodore Z. Menge Patented Apr. 14, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PRESSURE BLOWER Application June 23, 1945, Serial No. 601,167

Claims. 1

My invention relates to blowers and, but more speciiically to improved blade mechanisms for housing incased blowers.

Before entering into a discussion of my invention in blower mechanisms, to enable the reader to better understand its operation and to better Iexplain its departure from the teachings of the prior arts concerned with blowers, I will enter into a discussion of the Inode of operation of my invention in blowers in comparison with the mode of operation of prior art types of blowers with which it is most nearly related.

Blowers may be roughly classified in two classes. The iirst is the class which we call the propeller class, to which class belong the well known household fans, the ceiling type fan and the buzz type fan. In this first propeller class of fan the blades are extended in radial directions from a common shaft in an arrangement where the blades are set at angles with respect to the common shaft and also set at angles to their plane of rotation. When this type of fan operates to push air, the blades may be said to slide through the volume of air it is pushing.

In the second class of blower with which my blower is to be compared, the blades, more often referred to as vanes, are extended in radial directions with respect to a common axle and lie in planes passing through their axis of rotation. Some blowers of this type have their blades curved in their lengthwise direction. Some are curved in their widthwise direction while others are curved in both their lengthwise and widthwise directions.

In some types of this second class of blowers the vanes proper commence at the axle to which they are joined and with which they rotate, while in others the vane areas commence at a radial distance from their common axle and are mounted on it by means of spiders or the like.

In this second class of blower, as in the iirst class, all of the vanes are fixed to a common shaft in fixed relationship to one another so that all the vanes rotate as a unit. All of this second l class of blowers, hereafter referred to as centrifugal blowers, as far as applicant knows, operate upon a principle that makes use of centrifugal force alone imparted to volumes of air conned between the radially extending vanes as the force applied in impelling a stream of air.

In the centrifugal blower as known to the prior art, the air is taken into the blower in a direction along the axle to which theA vanes are attached. In some styles of these centrifugal blowers, air is taken in from one end of the axle of rotation 2 of the blower while in the other styles the air is brought in at both ends of the axle.

The blower of my invention also makesuse of centrifugal force applied to the volume of air between its vanes, but it also applies other forces to the stream of air it impels, as will be explained hereinafter.

Each blade ofmy blower is separately, rotatably mounted on a common blower blade axle, preferably through means of a pair of mother bearing collars rotatably mounted on the cross bar in which the blades are pvotably mounted. The blower shaft is held stationary and the blades are separately revolved about it. Each blade is made to revolve through a cycle of speeds, progressively increasing from a minimum speed to a maximum speed and then progressively decreasing down again to the minimum speed.

The reader will appreciate that my type of blower, even considered as having but one blade, will produce a blowing action since the volume of air in front of the blade is brought up to the maximum speed of the blade after which it continues Yt0 move'away from the blade under its own momentum while the blade is slowing down.

An object of my invention is to provide a blower adapted to work against a head pressure.

Another object of my invention is to provide a blower capable of drawing air into its intake side at subatmospheric pressures and one capable of discharging air from its exhaust side against a substantial head'pressure.

Another obiect of my invention is to provide Va blower mechanism that operates on the principle of pushing air in a manner similar to the pushing action of a piston in a cylinder.

Another obiect of my invention is to provide a blower mechanism in which the slip incidental to its operation is reduced to a minimum.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will'appear in my hereinafter following detailed description of my blower mechanisms illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical side elevational view, partially broken, of a preferred form of blower mechanism embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a broken vertical side elevational view of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross sectional View of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 2 taken on line 3 3 of Fig. '1 as viewed from the right end of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the operation of the preferred form of blower;

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the operation of the preferred formvof blower;

Fig. 6 is a broken side elevational view of a modified form of blower embodying my invention;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view illustrating an adjustable part of the structure illustrated in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic View illustrating the operation of the v'modified form of blower illustrated byFig. `6; and,

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic View illustrating the operation of the modified form of blower illustrated by Fig. 6.

Referring to Figs. l, 2 and 3 of the drawings, numeral I@ designates generally the frame portion of my blower comprising a base l-I on which a pair of side frames l2 are Amounted in vertical positions parallel to each other :and bolted to the base H with bolts I3.

The blower mechanism proper'is supported on the top members It of the side frames l2 .by means of the shaft bearings 35. The housing I5, :made up of .a main body portion i and a housing extension il, is attached directly to the 'base l! byineans of its rear f-eet I- .and its forward feet i9. A'crown 2e positioned at the top of the housing i5 and a pan 2l positioned at the bottom of Vthe housing l5 are rotatably, .-adjustably mounted and supported by the means of a pair of spiders 2t secured 'to the shaft 30 by means of setscrews 25. The shaft 3o, the spiders 2li, :the crown 2o andthe pan 2i form a unit `and as -a unit are adjustably rotatably mounted on the stud portions 23 of the shaft 38. Y

Each spider 24 is provided with a pair vof upwardly'extending arms 25 positioned outside `of the housing 1:5. The upwardly extending arms A2B carry crown'supporting ngers 28 that extend inwardly into the housing i5 through the crown finger slots 22. The lower pair of downwardly extending varmsiZ'i of the spider 24 are provided with pansupporting nngers 29 extended through the pan finger slots .23 to support the pan 2| vat the bottom of the housing i 5. Y

All of the Amoving parts of my fan mechanism which wili'hereafter be mentioned and Valso the above described spiders 24 are carried by the shaft 38 which is made in the shape of a crank shaft. The shaft 35i is made up of two stud stafts 33 extending outwardly from the center of disc portions 34 and a cross bar 32 threadedly engaged to the disc portions 34. The outer ends of the stud shafts 33 terminate in squared end portions 3l. The shaft .39 is rotatably mounted inthe pair of split bearings 35 attached `to the top members Il! of the frames `Il).

Before going further with my description, I

Vwant to say that the shaft 3E! does not turnduring the operation ofthe blower although it is adjustably mounted in the bearings 35. It is adapted to be locked in a set position by means of the locking-arms 36 ittedto the squared ends 3| of the shaft 39. The slotted end portions 3i of the locking varms l36 are clamped to the calibrated slotted segments vforming parts of the side frames i2 by means of bolts 39 and wing nuts do. By this means .of adjustment, the cross bar 32 of the shaft3ll may beset in various angular. adjusted positions with respect to the vertical plane passing through the stud shaft portions 33 of the shaft 36 resting 'in the bearings .35.

The angular position of adjustment of the cross bar 32 is dictated by the R.`P. M. of the blades d3 themselves due to the fact that for more efficient operation the shaft 3U should be adjusted to a criitcal angle dependent upon the R. P. M. of the blades 43. The higher the R P- lVL Qf the- 4 blades 43, the farther back from the vertical center position the cross bar 32 should be set for reasons that will be made clear to the reader further on in this specification.

The blades 43 including their guide rods are rotatably mounted on the cross bar 32 through the means of .mother bearing collars ii which are rotatably mounted on the cross bar 32. The mother bearing collars :il are each provided with six equally circumferentially spaced stud shaft bearings 42 in which the six blades t3 themselves are pivotally mounted by means of their blade supporting shafts A5. The mother bearing collars 4i and the blades i3 assembled in them should be .placed on the cross bar E2 before it is screwed into the disc portions 3s of the shaft .3ft during the assembly of the shaft 39.

The guide rods llt of the blades 43 are extended perpendicularly outwardly from the blade supporting shafts 45 at their centers.

The blades -43 are rotated by means of the cage 48. The cage 48 is Vrotated through the means of the driving pulley secured to the left hand Vside plate 9 and the driving belt 5i extended over the driving pulley-from a source of power not shown. The cage i8 is made up of a pair of side -plates dd joined together by spacing rods v5t that are fastened-into circular rim portions 53 `of the side plates 49. lThe side plates d have centrally Vdepressed portions 52 shaped to accommodate the disc portions 34 of the shaft sii. 'The side plates 69 revolve about the disc portions 3G Which-are held stationary. This construction is adopted to prevent air from being blown back .from the pressure side of the blower to the intake side ofthe blower when the blower operates against a head pressure as will be explained hereinafter.

The side plates 139 of Vthe cage @t are spaced outwardly from the disc portions 314 by the spac ing rods 54. The cage l51B is rotatably mounted Von the stud shafts 33 by means of a pair of roller bearingsr55. Y

The blades Vi3 are .connected to the cage it by means of rocker arms 56 which are pivotally mounted in vside plates t9. .Each rocker arm includes .a pushbar V5l' extending perpendicularly from `its center. In the fork shaped end 58 of each push bar Si a knuckle slide bearing 5s is pivotally mounted by .means of a pair of pivot bolts 6D. 'The knuckle slide bearings 5s embrace the guide rods dll forming parts of the blades t3 which guide rods are lspaced from the rear sides ofthe blade webs i6 by means of the web spacing brackets di bolted to the outer ends of the guide rods 44. This spacing'giv'es room 'for the knuckle bearings 59 to slide along the guide rods it back and forth during the operation of the blower.

Before the blower can be operated the rocker i arms 56 vmust be locked into adjusted positions by meansof the rocker arm locking mechanism Bi. It is through this mechanism that the capacity of thisrpreferred type of blower is changed within limits as will be explained later.

' The locking mechanism El is made up of the right and. left slotted ring shaped locking plates B2 supported by the slotted lingers 63 by means of the studpins .6d secured in the locking mechanism 6i.

The locking mechanism 6| is made up of the right and left slotted ring shaped locking plates 62 mounted in surrounding positions over the right and left studs 33 respectively of the shaft 30. The locking platesL 62 are supported by means of 'stud pins 64 secured to' the same which extend 'atentos through the slotted fingers 63." The slotted iingers 63 are secured to the outer ends of the rocker arms 56 which are rotatably mounted in the side plates 49. The push bars 51, forming integral parts of the rocker arms 56, may be rotated in unison outwardly or inwardly by rotating the locking plates 62. When the proper setting of the push bars 51 is determined, they are held in such a setting by clamping the locking plates 62 to the side plates 49 of the cage 48 by means ofthe clamping bolts 65 and the clamping nuts 66. When the clamping nuts 65 are screwed down tightly, the slotted plates 62 turn with the side plates 49.

The Veii'ective working radius of the cage 48 is the radial distance from itsV axis of rotation Oe to the extended tip end of a push bar 51, the distance Ic shown in the diagrammatic view, Fig. of the drawings, position of the axis of rotation of a knuckle slide bearing 5S which is -pivotally mounted in the tip end of the push bar 51. When all of the push bars 51 are evenly adjusted, their tip ends lie in a circle whose radius is k. It is pointed out here to the reader, however, that all of the tip ends of the push bars 51 do not have to lie in a common circle for my preferred form of fan to operate. So long as no two blades 43 of the blower strike each other at any position in their revolutions about the cross bar 32, the fan will operate.

It is due to the fact that the guidefrods 44 are permitted to slide through the knuckle slide bearings 59 that this preferred form Aof blower fan operates in which operation the cage 48 revolves about an axis Oc while the blades 43 are revolved about'another axis Of. It is pointed out here to the reader that the feature of the slide bearing 59 and the guide rod 44 on which it slides is itself not essential in the construction of a blower mechanism embodying my invention. Further on in this specification there will be described a blower mechanism embodying my invention in which will be found no reciprocating parts at all.

In my blower as illustrated in my drawings, the blower mechanism proper, that isl to say the blower mechanism with the entire housing lI5 removed, will still operate efliciently as a blower and will operate in the following manner. The principal volume of air being drawn intomy blower travels in a direction at right langles to the vertical plane extended through its axis of rotation Of of the blades 43 fromthe supporting structure and is discharged through the opposite side of the blower in a direction at right angles to the same plane. However, the discharged air is expelled, as nearly as could be determined from blades 43, the intake stream of air was sub-v stantially all channelled in a straightI line direction perpendicular to the vertical plane passing through the axis of rotation Of from the supporting structure and the discharged vair. was expelled in abetter defined wedged shaped pattern.

The blades 43 `of my blower at any given moment will be observed to` 'ove atdiierent'speeds although each one is carried through the same cycle of speeds as explainedabove. To make this clearer to the reader, 1 will say:k that during a part of the rotation of a pair ofQadjacent blades 43, the leading blade 43 will be seen to Outrun the following blade 43 until such time that the maximum angle of opening between the adjacent blades 43 has occurred. .This opening movement of the blades may be ,thought of as the intake stroke of my blower. After the maximum angle of opening has been reached, the following blade,v even though it starts slowing down, approaches the blade ahead of it because the blade ahead of it is slowing down at a greaterrate and finally comes to it .by the angular distance measured by the minimum angle of opening. This closing movement of the blades 43 may be thought of as the discharge strokeof my blower. The reader will now appreciate that my blower in addition to operating on the principle of centrifugal force applied to the-air and thepushing action'im-f parted tothe air bythe blades 43, operates in still a third- -manner, that of squeezing the air during a closing movement of pairs of blades 43.

Referring to Fig. .2 of the drawings, it is pointed out tothe reader thatthe` solid lines indicate the position' of the blades 4,3. for thev maximum opening at thetop andalso the position for the minimum opening at theV bottom. The angle of maximum opening'` is designated by the letter a and the'angle of minimum "opening is designated by the letter b. The capacity angle c at the top is the difference between angle a and angle b and is a measure of 1/6 of lthecapacity of the blower per revolution` (.C-.P. RJ, while 6 c is a measure `of the total capacity of the blower per revolution (C. P.; RJ.

The setting formaximum capacityshown by the solid lines on Fig. 2 is the setting wherein the push bars 51 are revolved inwardly as far as 'allowed by the slottedlocking plates 62. The dotted lines on Fig. 2 representV the setting for minimum capacity wherein the push bars 51 are revolved as Yfar outwardly as can Abe permitted by the slotted locking plates 62.A` Inthe minimum capacity setting, the maximum opening is designated by a', the minimum opening by b', and the di'erence -by angle c', wherein c' is the measure of 1/6 of the capacity per revolution of the blower.

There are many conditions in which it is desirable to change the capacity of the blower without changing its speedpf rotation.Y It is, of course, understood that the effective capacity of the blower may also be .varied'by the change in its rate of revolution. Actual Aworking tests on the working model above referred to in this speci cation have shown that a 'high degree of eiciency in operation was. maintained under higher than variationsiin'the rotating speeds of the blower. v

In Fig. 1 of the drawings, tli'evdotted line arrows indicate the direction of travel of the angular cylindrical section of air leaving theblade 43 at` the position where the blade 43 is beginning to slow down. Y The section of air that has gained the maximum velocity of the blade 43 continues on under its own momentum and leaves the blade 43 whichis slowingdown.Y jThis volume of air,

of as a slapping forceonjthejair.-A

The blade 43 also turns-the angularcylindrical section ofairconflned between adiacent.bladesy 43iin a directonJin line with the straight cylindricalhousing extension'i 1. The Vpushing blade 43 also, in approaching the blade 43. ahead of it, squeezes the angular cylindrical section of air out into Vthe housing `extension IT.

The shaft30 may be set in a manner :to decrease the air friction in installations wherein there is employed an .upturned elbow housing extension I1 or a `down-turned housing extension ifi" such as shown byJthe'shortand vlong dash lines of Fiel. The .upturned housing extension l'Iv is outlined with vshort Yclash linesv and the direc;- tion of the 'air "approaching it `is outlined with shortda'sh arrows, while long dash lines are used to outline the downeturned housing extension "il" and longdash 'arrows to indicate the flow of'air Y Where (R. P. M.) =revolutionsper kminute-of the driving points of the cage 48 about the cage axis of revolutionfOc `'and-which 'factor is constant.

.lc=radial distance -in inches between .axis of revolution Oc `of the cage v48 and the driving points lof the cage 448 (pivot axes of theknuckle slide bearings 59). k is made avconstant by meansof the 'rockerarm locking means el during a continuous run of'the blower.

The value of vC .as found by ythe calculation to follow Vand as -s'hown by the dotted line polar graph of the same in Fig. 4was determined from the known factors as rfollows. wherein (R. P. M.)= 1'00.and-k=l0.inches. .Substituting these `known values Letter F designates the llinear velocity of the extreme tip'` of `the fan blades 43 and is found from the followingequation:

X =8.72 ft. per second (R. P. Ml). v kUc-l-fh cos Q) Where l Q=ang1e turned by thecage L48as shown by th dotted vline through 7c.m.easured from' a dotted line passing-through the' two centers ofrevolution Oc and 0:.v Y

(R. P. M.)r=revolution fpermnute `or vthe ian.

blade 43 labout .its .axis `of krevolution Of. (R. P..M.')1 Vermaas-earlier explained. through a cycle of speeds. VIts value at'any Adegree of knuckle slide bearing' 59 on, the guiderod 44 forming a part of the blade 43. mgradial distance in inches from axis'of'revolu tion of the blade Of to the driving point ofthe cage 48. This factor is a variable, the value of which is dictated by the position of the Vknuckle slide bearing 59 on the guide rod Ylill. The value of m varies from its minimumvalue when 'the blade 43V is extended directly upwardly along the radius line as shown on the diagram of Fig. 4 to a maximum value when itis extended directly downwardly on the.0 radius line. Since the (R. P. MJC is maintained constant and lc and l being xed distances are therefore constant it can be seen from the equation that F varies proportionally to the value ofthe variable fraction.

Where 1c=10 inches :6 inches 7t=4 inches "1:2 0 inches .The value of the bladeftipspeed is .found by a solution of theequation lof F as follows:

(R. P. M.)V 21d VkL-hLk-'mi F-V Xixzmz Substituting known values in the equation:

29.08 feet per second When the blade '43"is'at o* radial position it is kmoving at its slowest speed. At this position,

only. the value :m 'has changed: m at the 0 radius=14 inches The value of F may likewise becalculated .for the other radial positions of the fan blades 43. Y

The capacity of ymy blower per revolution (C. P. R.) is determined by the maximum magnitude of the fraction ml/Z.

F -l2.46 feet per second Y The value of lc in thepreferred 'form ofblow'er may be varied for diiierent runs .of the bloweras explained above through the means of the rocker arm locking means 6|. .An adjustmentof the rocker arm Ylocking means 6| effectsa change in the .radial distance lc ofthe knuckle slide bearing from the'axis `of rotation of the cage Oe.

For convenience of comparison 1 have shown vin Fig. 4 a polar diagrammatic plot ofthe linear speed of the driving .points of the cage 48, dotted circle C. and superimposed on it, a polar plotrof the linear speed of the tip ofthe blades 43, the solid line oval shaped curve, Vdesignated by letter F. Both curves are plotted on common Yradial Yordinates emanating from the circle Oc Vand angularly measured .abscissa The readershould keep 1n mind, however, that the blades -43 are rotation Y is kdictated by the position ,of .the z5 revolved about their own axisof rotation Or which axis is oset from the axis of rotation of the cage Oe by the distance h. as seen in Fig. of the drawing.

' The distance h. is one of the principal controlling factors in the design of blowers made under the teachings of my invention wherein a cage or other mechanical equivalent blade rotating means is used. The above statement applies both to the preferred embodiment of my blower illustrated by Figs. 1-5 and also to the modified form of my blower illustrated by Figs. 6-9 inclusive to be explained further on.

'It is to be understood, however, that my invention in blowers is not to be limited to blower constructions that only incorporate cage type blade turning mechanisms or their mechanical equivalents for my inventive concept of blowers includes any mechanism adapted to rotate blades about a common axle at separately varying speeds in the useful manner above described.

Disregarding variations in the value of 1c, accomplished by the rocker arm locking means 6|, the capacity of my preferred type blower illustrated by Figs. 1-5 is determined by the value of h. That is to say the capacity (C. P. R.) of the preferred form of blower is increased as h is increased, and vice versa.

My modified form of blower is illustrated by Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the drawings. The principal diierences between this modified form of blower and the preferred form of blower resides in a link arrangement for driving its blades used in place of the knuckle bearings slide 59 and the guide rod 44 of the preferred form of blower.

' The frame structure |00 includes a base |0| onwhich a pair of A frames |02 provided with top members |03 are mounted by means of bolts |04. Each A frame |02 is provided with a slotted middle brace |05. The housing |03 is provided with crown iinger slots |01 and pan finger slots |08, an intake opening |09, and a discharge openn'g' ||0. The housing |06 is provided with a pair of rear feet and a pair of forward feet l2 which are secured to the base |0| by means of bolts H3. A crown ||4 and a pan ||5 are rotatably mounted within the housing |06 by means of a pair of spiders ||6 provided with a pair of upwardly extending arms ||1 from which crown supporting lingers ||8 are extended through the crown linger slots |01 and joined to the crown ||4. The spiders ||6 are provided also with forwardly extending arms ||9 which arms ||9 are provided with pan supporting lingers extending through the pan iinger slots |08 and joined to the pan ||5. The spiders ||6 are attached by means of set screws |2| directly to the shaft |22. The shaft |22 is adjustably, rotatably mounted in bearings |23 mounted on the top members |03 of the A frame |02 by means of bolts |24. I

Shaft |22 is made exactly the same as the shaft 30 of the preferred form of blower in that it is provided with stud portions |25 adapted to lit in the bearings |23. The stud portions |25 are made integral with the disk portions |26 which are joined together by the cross bar |21. The stud portions |25 are provided with squared ends |28 on which adjusting levers |29 are mounted. {Ihe angular positions of the cross bar |21 of the shaft |22 are determined through the means of the adjusting leversV |29 which are adapted to be clamped to the slotted middle braces |05 by lclamping bolts |30 andclamping nuts |3|.

The cage |32 in this modified form of blower is'made substantially the same as the cage 48 of the preferred form of blower in that it is made up of a pair of centrally depressed side plates |32a joined together by means of spacing rods |34. The cage |32 as a unit is rotatably mounted on the stud portions |25 of the shaft |22 by means of roller bearings |35. The blades |36 are individually, rotatably mounted on the cross bar |21 through the means of pairs of bearing collars |31 to which the blades |36 are directly attached by means of supporting studs |38. The bearing collars |31 are properly positioned by guide collars |39Y provided with set screws |40. An adjustable link bracket |4| is mounted on the rear side of each blade |36 by means of a pair of screws |42 which are screwed into a pair of threaded holes |43 made in the blade |36. In this modified form of blower the capacity may be changed by changing the position of the adjustable link brackets |4| on the blade |36. The pushing links |44 which are pivotally mounted on the link brackets |4| and pivotally mounted by means of their sleeve portions |45 at the centers of' the spacing rods |34 are fixed in so far as length is concerned. This blower is driven by means of a pulley |46 and a belt |41 connected to a source of power not shown.

During the operation of this modied form of blower the pushing links |44 assume various angular positions in their plane of rotation as a result of their being pivoted to the blades |36 which separately rotate at varying speeds about the blade axis Of which is parallel to, but spaced from the axis of rotation of the cage Oc. The cage |32 pushes the blades |36 through the means of the links |44 for a clockwise rotary motion of the cage as shown in Fig. 6. When the cage |32 is rotated counterclockwise it pulls the blades |36 through the means of the pushing links |44. The operation of this modied form of blower will become more apparent from my discussion to follow of the diagrammatic views, Figs. 8 and 9, illustrating its mode of operation.

The capacity of the modied form of blower as inthe preferred form of blower is measured by the differences between the maximum angle of opening A2 and the angle of minimum opening B2 which is angle C2. Since this modified blower has only six blades |36, 6 C2 is a measure of its capacity per revolution (C. P. RJ.

The linear velocity of the cage driving points C and the blade linear velocity of the blade tips F in Fig. 8 are both plotted on the same radial ordinates and'angularly measured abscissa. The driving points of the cage |32 in this modified form of blower are the center points of the center lines of the spacing rods |34.

` (R. P. MJ. 21rlc C'.`mft./sec.- -6o v T2- Where The value of C' as shown by the calculation to follow and the dotted line polar graph of the same in Fig. 8 was determined from a condition wherein (R. P. M.) c= 19:10

VThe value of FP1--which designates the linear ing structure, a pair of studshafts journaled on velocity of the blade tip -of a blade |35 of the said supporting structure and aligned with each mod ied blower for al1 of the positions of the other, a disc oarriedby each of saidstudsbaits. blade |3e is shown by the pOlar graph in Fig. 8. a transverse bar extending. between saidY discs. The value of Ff at any DOStOIl f theblade |35 5 in a Vposition eccentric to the axes of said stud, may be found from the .following equations. shafts, a multiplicity of bearing collars mounted Condition wherein link |44 pushes the blade |36 on said bar, a cage including a pair of centrally wherein Y depressed side platesv recessed to house saiddisosr Y, spacing rods extending at peripherally 'spaced R=1`ad11ls 0f C age |32 f5.0 P91111? Where 11min 1S l0 intervals between the side plates of said Gag@ fasfened t0 1t measured m l-nches' a] constant' around the recesses in said side plates, blades con: H=d1stanee between Centers of rotaelon of the nected with the respective collars on saidtranscage OC and the center of rotetlon of ehe Verse bar, links pivoted at one of their endswtki bleees 01" measured in eehee e eeeetent; the spacing rods extending between said. side` M=e1eeenee Hem blade. axle of retetlO-n of 'te l5 platesf and at the other ends thereof with the pome Wheee linkhlee 1S eeened te' blade ee respective blades, and means for rotatably drivmeaeuree le me es e een-e eet' ing said cage-around said discs. Y 'eslength ef lmk me measured 1n mehese een' 2. A blower mechanism as set forth in claim Stent' l including means connected with .each cf said. Lzlength ef blade lee measured m mehee een stud shafts for orienting said discs and the transete'nt verse bar extending-therebetween for adjusting Uenele turned by eege e2 feem reference ejXs' the relation of the centersof the connecting po. Joining two centers of rotation Oc and Of a. Simons of Said .blades with Said discs and the am,

Pe'neelet'; t 1 h l *b gular relation ofysaidy links between said blades a cons an ang e w ose va ue 1s glven yv 25 and Said spacing rods;

cos P:(ligt-HP-loKz-S,2V 3. In a blower mechanism,- the combination 2K (M -H or' a supporting struct-ure,` a housingprovided with an intake opening-andan exhaustopening .As seen in the diagram of Fig. 9, P is, the ansie.

mounted on sald supporting structure, a set vof between the axis of reference, the dottedV vertical K line, and a line joining the axis of rotation of @W0 er, .mere blades rotatably mov-med en Safld the cage Oc to where the link |44 is fastened 'to Supporting Structure met a 'commen exis'of Tee" ma c ag@ |32 when the blade' |31; ns4 alg'lh tationand in circumferential alignment with one. axisr of refefen, e another inside of said housing, a bladek rotating means comprising 'a IjObatable member rotatably ,v DZeeHZ-i-KzeHK ees (U-P) ee mounted on said supporting 'structureronax'ls which is a variable. of rotation offset from Vthe axis of rotation of (R. P. M.)K 21ml: H D2+s2fMn sin U.P.)v En @Go2 X 12 K+ 0S (U P )1+ may Condition wherein length |44 pulls blade |36 said blades,Y said blade, rotating means include.

' Any change in the dimensional factors in the 45 ing driving members movably. connected; tosaid equation set forth above will produce entirely blades, a blade V.adjusting means.v adapted Ato ane different diagrams from the one shown in Fig. 8 gularly vary the positionr of `said set of tWorQl of the drawing. Through the means of the Velocity more blades about their axis of rotationv when diagram of F of the modified form of blower and said blade rotation means is stllfor the-DUdpQse theevelocity diagram F of the preferred form of of varying the direction of air discharged-by said blower acceleration diagrams could be -produced blades, apair of air sealing .membersconsigsting if'desired as aids in the study ofv the'forces actin a curved crown located vnear the top of VSaid ing*r on the various moving members of the blowhousing close proximity .to ,theV4 circular` path ers. of the tip ci said blades and a. curved pan located Various changes in the size and "arrangement near the bottom of said. housingv in close proa--V of the parts of the illustrated mechanisms may imity to thepath of the. tipof said blades,V said be resorted to within the vscope of my invention. crown` and said `pan being lQliatably mountedon For example, the mother bearing collar 4| of,y the said supporting` structure. on the. axis ofreta preferred form of blower may be incorporated of said set of two or more blades whereby said in the modified form of blower in place' ofthe 60 crown. and said pan may be rotated` within said bearing collar |31 found in the same, or the bearhousing to comply with angularlyadjusted p Qsie ing collar |31 might be used in the preferred tions of said set cf'twofor moreblades,saidblade form of the blower. rotating meansbeing adapted allpffsaid The details. of manufacturing my inventionLwill blades consecutively through... Cyclos.; Qf;A Vspeeds present no problems to manufacturers engagedin continuously Varying progressiYQly:` vfrorn-v mini-A the manufacture of other types of blowers, pumps, mum speeds. to. maximum speedsl and thencein and similar mechanisms. I will point. out, howprogressively decreasing mannlsdown to. inimever, that due to the fact that, since the blades` 43' mum speeds. of the preferred form of blower, and thev blades 4. In a blower mechanism, thecombinatiomcf |36 of the modified form of blowera carried 70 asupportingst-ructure includingfa pai japarjal, through rapid changes in their 'velocities',z'tl iat lel upwardl-yfextendingsideefrellli ash At ege. these blade members should preefrably be made tending transverselyfbetween; saidrside'frames, out of a very light material'such as aluminum. said shaft being e; the shape of af crank Having thus described my invention I claim: i comprising a'cenLrallypositioned oisetl'pqrtion 1. A blower mechanism comprising a supportand a pair of outwardly ertending sp'acdstud aesmoe shafts lying on a common center line oiset from but parallel to said centrally positioned offset portion, said stud shafts being rigidly fastened to said side frames, a set of two or more blades pvotally mounted on said offset portion, a blade rotating means comprising a cage-like structure including a pair of spaced circular side plates rotatably mounted on said stud shafts, a plurality of circumferentially spaced spacing rods interconnecting said circular side plates, and elongated pushing bars pivotally mounted on said cage-like structure, each pushing bar having an end movably connected to one of said blades at a medial portion of the length of said blades.

5. A blower mechanism as set forth in claim 4 including a housing provided with a circular opening located to receive one of said side plates and wherein said side plate is provided with means for turning said blade rotating means.

THE-ODORE L. MENGE.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number 5 735,956 1,007,866 1,516,053 1,550,835 1,917,444 10 2,095,987 2,362,541

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